Ob hom kev ua yuam kev ntawm qhov sib txawv raucov thawv ntawv luam yeebtuaj yeem them rov qab los ntawm ntau txoj kev sib txawv.
Cov kev ua yuam kev ntawm lub kaw lus muaj qee txoj cai hloov pauv. Tom qab txheeb xyuas lawv qhov loj thiab kev coj, lawv tuaj yeem daws tau los ntawm kev kho lossis kho dua cov khoom siv. Rau cov kev ua yuam kev tsis tau xav txog, zoo li tsis muaj kev tsis tu ncua ntawm qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, siv cov txheej txheem suav lej los nrhiav cov qauv dav dav ntawm cov kev ua yuam kev ntim khoom rau ib pawg pob khoom.
(1) Txheeb xyuas qhov txwv zoo AQL. Cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv sib tham los txiav txim siab qhov txwv zoo ntawm kev lees txais thiab sau nws rau hauv cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb lossis daim ntawv cog lus xaj. Hauv paus ntsiab lus, qhov txwv zoo ntawm kev lees txais yog teev tseg sib cais raws li kev faib tawm tsis tsim nyog. Qhov txwv zoo ntawm kev txais tos uas tau teev tseg rau Chav Kawm A yog me dua qhov txwv zoo ntawm kev txais tos uas tau teev tseg rau Chav Kawm B, thiab qhov txwv zoo ntawm kev txais tos uas tau teev tseg rau Chav Kawm C yog loj dua qhov txwv zoo ntawm kev txais tos uas tau teev tseg rau Chav Kawm B. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem xav txog kev rov teev dua qee yam khoom lossis ib yam khoom uas tsis tsim nyog hauv tib pawg, lossis peb tuaj yeem xav txog kev rov teev dua qhov txwv zoo ntawm kev txais tos ntawm ntau pawg sib txawv. Qhov txwv zoo ntawm kev txais tos yog qhia ua tus lej ntawm qhov tsis ua tiav rau 100 yam khoom ntim. Piv txwv li, qhov txwv zoo ntawm kev txais tos rau cov thawv ntawv corrugated yog: 1.0 rau Chav Kawm A, 4.0 rau Chav Kawm B, thiab 6.5 rau Chav Kawm C.
(2) Txheeb xyuas txoj kev npaj kuaj, uas yog, qhov loj ntawm cov qauv thiab tus naj npawb ntawm kev lees txais thiab kev tsis lees txais raws li hom kev npaj kuaj. GB/T 2828.1-2003 muab cov phiaj xwm kuaj thawj zaug thiab thib ob ib txwm, nruj, thiab so kom txaus. Qhov no yog kom qhov nruj ntawm txoj kev npaj tuaj yeem hloov pauv raws sijhawm raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov zoo, thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev kuaj zoo dua tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov qauv me dua. Rooj 8-10 yog txoj kev npaj kuaj rau kev tshuaj xyuas ib txwm rau kev siv.
(3) Muab cov qauv coj los kuaj thiab tshuaj xyuas cov qauv coj los kuaj.
(4) Txheeb xyuas seb qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ib pawg zuj zus puas tsim nyog lossis tsis tsim nyog, thiab ua ib txoj kev npaj pov tseg tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas. 2. Piv txwv kev tshuaj xyuas
Kev tshuaj xyuas ib yam khoom ntim hauv cov pawg ntawm 10,000 daim yog ua raws li GB/T2828.1-2003 "Kev npaj kuaj xyuas ib pawg los ntawm ib pawg uas tau txais los ntawm kev lees txais qhov txwv zoo (AQL)", thiab kev tshuaj xyuas dav dav theem II tau txais yuav. Siv txoj kev npaj kuaj xyuas ib zaug ib txwm, thiab xyuas cov lej loj ntawm cov qauv los ntawm Rooj 8-9 txog L; tom qab ntawd xyuas qhov loj ntawm cov qauv los ntawm Rooj 8-10 txog 200, thiab xaiv cov qauv random. Raws li peb pawg ntawm kev tau txais cov kev txwv zoo: Pawg A yog 1.0, Pawg B yog 4.0, thiab Pawg C yog 6.5. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm Rooj 8-10 tias kab nrog cov lej loj ntawm cov qauv L thiab AOL = 1.0, 4.0, 6.5 Ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm cov kem, nyeem [5,6], [14,15], [21,
Nws yog tus lej ntawm cov khoom tsis lees txais hauv peb pawg raucov thawv ntawv luam yeebA, D, thiab C.
Yog tias tus lej ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo hauv cov qauv ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau tus lej ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo, nws tsis sib npaug rau tus lej ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo. Piv txwv li, yog tias 2,000 cov khoom raug coj los ntawm kab ntau lawm rau kev tshuaj xyuas, thiab yog tias tus lej pom tias yog 5, ces cov khoom ntim khoom no raug txiav txim siab tias tsis tsim nyog.
3 yam khoom tsis tsim nyog hauv Qeb A, 4 yam khoom tsis tsim nyog hauv Qeb B, 2 yam khoom tsis tsim nyog hauv Qeb A thiab B, 3 yam khoom tsis tsim nyog hauv Qeb B thiab C, thiab 5cov thawv ntawv luam yeebcov khoom tsis tsim nyog hauv Qeb C. Tom qab ntawd tus lej ntawm cov khoom tsis tsim nyog hauv Qeb A, Qeb B thiab Qeb C yog 79 thiab 8 feem, thiab tag nrho cov khoom tsis tsim nyog yog 24. Tus lej ntawm cov khoom tsis tsim nyog hauv pawg A, B, thiab C yog 7, 7, thiab 5 feem, thiab tag nrho cov khoom tsis tsim nyog yog 19.
Thaum tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom tsis tsim nyog ncav cuag tus lej tsis lees txais, seb cov khoom ntim no puas yuav raug tsis lees txais yuav tsum tau kev tshuaj xyuas kom ntxaws. Qee zaum nws yuav tsum tau txais kev pom zoo, xws li lees txais tab sis ceeb toom tias yuav tsum tau ua cov kev ntsuas kho, lossis tsis lees txais tab sis pom zoo txais nws tom qab kev faib tawm lossis rov ua dua.
Kev siv ntawmcov thawv ntawv luam yeebkev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm cov ntim khoom
cov thawv ntawv luam yeebCov khoom ntim yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas qhov zoo thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, thiab cov tshuab thiab cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau kho raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau txais kom khaws cov yam ntxwv zoo tshwj xeeb hauv qhov txwv uas xav tau. Tom qab tau txais cov khoom ntim, cov neeg siv yuav tsum ua qhov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo kom paub tseeb tias lawv puas ua raws li cov lus qhia txog kev tsim khoom thiab xyuas seb puas muaj kev puas tsuaj pom tseeb thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los.
(1) Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm Kev tshuaj xyuas yog txoj cai yooj yim ntawm cov neeg siv kom tau txais cov khoom. Nws tuaj yeem yog kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho lossis kev kuaj xyuas qauv. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tshuaj xyuas yog: ① Tsim cov lus qhia txog kev siv tshuab raucov thawv ntawv luam yeebcov khoom ntim khoom. ② Tsim cov qauv ntsuam xyuas. ③ Siv cov cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas uas ntseeg tau. ④ Sau cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj xyuas. ⑤ Muab cov lus qhia rau kev ua cov txiaj ntsig tshuaj xyuas. ⑥Xa cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj xyuas thiab cov lus qhia rau lub chaw haujlwm tswj xyuas zoo.
(2) Kev siv tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas zoo
Kev tshuaj xyuas zoo tshwj xeeb ntawm ntau yamcov thawv ntawv luam yeebCov khoom ntim khoom txawv. Ntawm no peb coj qhov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm cov fwj iav thiab cov hub, cov thawv ntawv tais tau, thiab lwm yam ua piv txwv. Lwm cov khoom siv tau ua piv txwv.
1. Lub raj mis iav thiab cov hub
(1) Cov lus qhia txog kev siv rau cov fwj iav thiab cov hub
①Puab. Lub duab yooj yim ntawm cov fwj iav thiab cov thawv feem ntau nyob ntawm hom thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom uas lawv muaj. Thaum txiav txim siab lub duab ntawm lub raj mis, yuav tsum kos ib daim duab kos ua haujlwm los qhia lub thawv qhov tsos. Feem ntau sawv cev los ntawm peb qhov kev pom, ib feem ntawm qhov kev pom loj dua, thiab ntxiv peb-seem kev pom. ②Loj. Qhov loj me tseem ceeb ntawm cov fwj iav thiab cov thawv yuav tsum tau sau tseg rau ntawm cov duab kos ua haujlwm, nrog rau kev kam rau siab, thiab lwm yam khoom xws li lub peev xwm lossis lub peev xwm kuj yuav tsum suav nrog. Qhov loj me thiab kev kam rau siab yuav tsum tau sib tham nrog tus neeg tsim khoom vim tias cov chaw tsim khoom lub tshuab ua fwj muaj qhov siab thiab txoj kab uas hla ruaj khov, uas feem ntau txwv cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov fwj thiab cov kaus poom. Cov tshuab ua fwj feem ntau siv txwv qhov siab ntawm cov fwj thiab cov kaus poom rau 25 ~ 300 hli. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov fwj thiab cov kaus poom muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog tus lej ntawm cov fwj thiab cov kaus poom tsim tawm ntawm ib ntu tshuab, thiab nws txoj kab uas hla yog ntawm 12 thiab 150 hli. ③Kev kam rau siab. Cov fwj iav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qee yam thaum lub sijhawm molding, ua rau muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm cov duab thiab qhov loj me. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv lossis kev kam rau siab rau qhov loj ntawm cov fwj. Cov kev kam rau siab txheem siv rau qhov ntim (mL), qhov hnyav (kg), qhov siab (mm) thiab txoj kab uas hla (mm). Lub peev xwm kam rau siab ntawm cov fwj me thiab cov kaus poom yog 15%, thiab lub peev xwm kam rau siab ntawm cov fwj loj thiab cov kaus poom yog tsawg dua 1%. Lub peev xwm kam rau siab ntawm ntau lub fwj thiab cov kaus poom yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob qhov kev txwv no. Lub peev xwm kam rau siab yog kwv yees li 5% ntawm lub peev xwm fwj uas tau teev tseg, thiab qhov siab sib txawv yog 0.5% txog 0.8% ntawm tag nrho qhov siab. Rau cov fwj uas muaj txoj kab uas hla tsawg kawg yog li ntawm 25 hli, lub peev xwm kam rau siab yog 8%, rau cov fwj uas muaj txoj kab uas hla ntau tshaj plaws ntawm 200 hli, lub peev xwm kam rau siab yog 1.5%, thiab rau lwm lub fwj thiab cov kaus poom, lub peev xwm kam rau siab yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob qhov kev txwv no.
2. Lub thawv ntawv tais tau
② Kab nkhaus. Cov kab nkhaus yuav tsum sib npaug thiab muaj qhov tob kom lub thawv ntawv tuaj yeem tsim ib daim duab ncaj thiab cov duab tais meej. Thaum lub thawv ntawv raug tais thiab tiaj rau 180 °, txhawm rau txo qhov tawg ntawm kab nkhaus, yuav tsum siv riam nkhaus nrog lub log meej los txiav kab, thiab lub tshuab txiav thawv ntawv yuav tsum tau sib phim nrog qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm kab nkhaus ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub thawv ntawv. Txhua ntug txiav tuag yuav tsum huv thiab tiaj.
Txhua qhov chaw uas xav tau qhov chaw nqaim yuav tsum tau nias ua ntej kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom ntim tau zoo li qub. ③Tiaj tiaj. Cov thawv ntawv yuav tsum tiaj, tsis muaj kev hloov pauv lossis kev nkhaus, sib cais ntawm ib leeg, lossis lo rau ua ke. ④Ntxuav. Ntxuav thiab txhuam cov thawv ntawv ua ntej ntim khoom kom tshem tawm cov hmoov av thiab cov khib nyiab uas tshuav los ntawm kev txiav tuag rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov thawv ntawv.
⑤Kev Luam Ntawv. Kev luam ntawv rau ntawm lub thawv yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv xim thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov duab thiab cov ntawv nyeem sib phim thiab zoo nkauj. ⑥Cov cai tswjfwm zaub mov thiab tshuaj.cov thawv ntawv luam yeebCov ntim khoom siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov tshuaj uas hla dhau qhov txwv uas cov koom haum zaub mov thiab tshuaj thiab lawv cov chaw haujlwm hauv qab tau teev tseg.
Confetti.⑦Ntim thiab muag khoom. Cov thawv ntawv luam tawm yuav tsum tau ntim raws li cov cai. Lawv tuaj yeem ntim rau hauv cov thawv corrugated thiab kaw nrog daim kab xev, lossis lawv tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm cov pallets thiab qhwv nrog cov ntaub qhwv ncab lossis cov ntaub qhwv ntsws. Txhua chav ntim khoom yuav tsum qhia tus neeg tsim khoom, tus lej ntawm cov thawv, hom thiab qhov loj ntawm cov thawv, hnub tsim khoom thiab tus lej batch, thiab lwm yam.
⑧ Kev khaws cia thiab kev thauj khoom thiab kev tshem tawm. Cov thawv ntawv yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw huv si ntawm chav tsev kub nrog qhov av noo ntawm 40% txog 60%. Cov thawv ntawv uas muaj cov thawv ntawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso rau ntawm lawv sab, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso ze ntawm cov cua sov lossis lwm qhov chaw cua sov, lossis muab tso rau qhov chaw uas lawv yooj yim puas tsuaj. Rau ntawm cov plag tsev ntub dej. Thaum coj cov thawv ntawv tawm, ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "ua ntej nkag, ua ntej tawm" thiab qhib ntau li ntau tau koj siv.
(2) Kev faib tawm ntawm cov thawv ntawv corrugated tsis tsim nyog
① Pawg A tsis tsim nyog. Nws tiv thaiv lub thawv kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom thiab tiv thaiv kev luam tawm thiab cim rau ntawm lub thawv.
a. Lub zog qhib lossis lub zog rov qab ntawm lub thawv loj dhau.
b. Qhov loj tshaj qhov kam rau siab uas tau teev tseg hauv cov duab kos qauv.
c. Lub thawv ntawv puas lawm, muaj qhov lossis khawb, ua rau cov qauv luam tawm khawb lossis tsis meej.
d. Muaj qhov yuam kev hauv ib lossis ntau xim luam tawm.
e. Cov xim luam ntawv tsis tau sau tseg, ua rau tus qauv tsis meej.
Qhov indentation tsis sib xws thiab tsis tuaj yeem tsim, sau thiab kaw thaum lub sijhawmcov thawv ntawv luam yeeb kev tsim khoom ntim khoom.
② Qeb B tsis tsim nyog. Lub thawv ntawv tsis tshua siv tau lossis zoo li tsis zoo.
a. Cov qauv luam tawm muaj cov xim av lossis khawb ntawm qhov chaw, ua rau pom cov ntawv cardboard lossis cov xim av daj.
b. Qhov tsis tiav lossis tsis txaus qhov chaw ua rau lub thawv ntawv nyuaj rau tsim rau ntawm kab ntau lawm, ua rau kev ntim khoom tsis zoo. c. Thaum lub hau kaw hauv qab tsis siv neeg kaw, lub qhov (socket) tsis qhib kom raug. d. Cov qhov yooj yim qhib ntawm sab ntawm lub thawv ntawv raug xuas. Tsis haum.
③Qeb C tsis tsim nyog. Nws tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau qhov tsos tab sis tsis cuam tshuam rau kev siv.
a. Qhov chaw luam ntawv tsis zoo thiab qhov zoo ntawm kev txhuam tsis zoo.
b. Cov xim luam ntawv yog me ntsis tus qauv.
Cov kev txwv tsis pub tshaj tawm zoo saum toj no yog: Chav Kawm A 0.4; Chav Kawm B 1.0; Chav Kawm C 2.5.
(3) Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Lub Thawv Yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo thiab kev tshuaj xyuas zoo hauv lub chaw tsim khoom thawv kom ntseeg tau tias nws ua tau raws li cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb. Yog tias tag nrho cov khoom tsis ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua vim yog lub thawv ua haujlwm tsis zoo, lub chaw haujlwm tswj xyuas zoo ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom muaj cai thov kom rov tshuaj xyuas dua.
Hauv lub neej niaj hnub no, txawm hais tias ua raucov thawv ntawv luam yeeb, tib neeg tau tsim cov tswv yim ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov.
Cov ntim khoom yuav tsum muaj cov khoom zoo rau ib puag ncig uas tsis muaj kuab paug thiab yooj yim rau kev tuav. Lub ntsiab lus dav dav ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb yog lub tswv yim kev txhim kho kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev tsom mus rau tib neeg, kev ua tiav, kev sib koom tes thiab kev txhim kho ruaj khov. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam tau sib koom tes nrog cov pej xeem, cov peev txheej thiab ib puag ncig, thiab tias muaj kev sib npaug zos rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam yuav tsum raws li lub peev xwm nqa tau ntawm cov peev txheej thiab ib puag ncig ecological, nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim kom muaj lub zej zog txuag thiab ib puag ncig zoo. Tib neeg lub tswv yim tshiab ntawm "kev ntim khoom ruaj khov" tau tsim. "Kev ntim khoom ruaj khov" xav tau kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws cov ntaub ntawv thiab lub zog kom raug txiav txim siab hauv kev tsim cov ntim khoom, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntim khoom thiab tus nqi kom ua tau raws li cov qauv kev ua lag luam, thiab kev siv kev rov ua dua tshiab hauvcov thawv ntawv luam yeebkev tsim khoom ntim khoom, kev thauj mus los thiab cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab. Zog, kev siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab ntau tshaj plaws, kev siv rov ua dua tshiab zoo, kev muab cov khoom siv raw muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, pab cov tib neeg thiab cov pab pawg thaum lub sijhawmcov thawv ntawv luam yeebkev ua neej ntawm kev ntim khoom, thiab kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Nws yog sib xws nrog lub tswv yim ntawm kev lag luam ncig, uas yog, nws siv kev siv thiab rov ua dua cov peev txheej ua nws lub hauv paus thiab siv "kev siv tsawg, kev tso pa phem tsawg, thiab kev ua haujlwm siab" ua nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb. Nws yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau "kev tsim khoom ntau, kev siv ntau, thiab kev pov tseg ntau". Kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv tus qauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov peev txheej ib txwm muaj. Kev lag luam ntim khoom yuav tsum hloov kho rau qhov xav tau ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam ncig. Kev ntim khoom muaj cov lus txhais tshiab, uas hu ua "kev ntim khoom ntsuab"
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-17-2024